Method of and apparatus for making bags and the like



Feb. 27, 1940'- A. POTDEVIN ET AL METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKINGBAGS AND THE LIKE' 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 6, 1937 INVENTORS 47 a41% M M ATTORNEYS Feb. 27, 1940. A. POTDEVIN ET AL 2,191,497

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING BAGS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 6, 19574 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS m- ATTORNEYS Feb. 27, 1940- A. POTDE VlN erAL METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING BAGS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 6,1937 4 Sheets-Sheet a INVENTORS W flax;-

WaMe m,

ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 27, 1940. A. POTDEVlN ET A 2,191,497

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING BAGS 'AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 6, 19374 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 27, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING BAGS AND THE LIKE AdolphPotdevin,

Garden City,

and Paul Application January 6, 1937, Serial No. 119,218

11 Claims.

This invention is directed to an improvement in bag making machines, andhas for one of its objects the provision of a bag making machine of newand improved construction capable of running at high speed with themaximum output and the minimum of waste material. Although not limitedin its use to any specific material, the present machine by reason ofits construction is particularly well adapted for the making of bagsfrom materials such as Cellophane and .glassine and like materials whichare very difiicult to handle with automatic machinery.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of new andimproved mechanism for partially severing the web of material prior tothe final dividing of the material into bag lengths. ti In the drawingsaccompanying this applica- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating anembodiment of our invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of part of our improved machine;

Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the starting end of the machine;

Fig. 4 is a plan view;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a view taken at right angles to Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view somewhat similar to Fig. 1 of a modified embodiment ofour invention;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a modified form of perforatingmechanism;

Fig. 11 is a similar view of another modified form of perforatingmechanism; and

Fig. 12 is a view of a completed bag.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 2 designates the roll of material,supported at the starting end of themachine, from which the bags are tobe made. The material passesfrom this roll about idler rollers 4 and 6and past pasteapplying roller 8 by which paste is applied to one edge ofthe web. The paste pot is shown at l0 and the roller which suppliespaste to the pasteapplying roller 8 is shown at I2.

After the application of the paste, the web passes between forwardingrollers l4 and then beneath a tensioning roller l6, and then betweenperforating rollers I8 and 20, under another tensioning roller 22 andfrom thence to the tub-" ing mechanism where the web is tubed.

With reference to the tensioning rollers l6 and 22, each of theserollers is mounted in a frame comprising side members 24 which aredisposed in parallel relation and secured to each other with the rollerbetween them by rods 26. These side frame members are provided withrollers 28 and the assembly is mounted in end track plates 30 which arerigidly mounted on the machine and which extend upwardly substantiallyat right angles to the face of the web. It will be evident that withthis arrangement each tensioning assembly is free to move freely on the.end plates 30 vertically thereof.

It will be equally apparent that each tensioning assembly merelyyieldingly rests by gravity upon the upper face of the moving web.

As already pointed out, a tensioning device is provided at each side ofthe perforating rollers to insure the right amount of tension on the webat the time the same is perforated to enable the perforating operationto be performed properly, while at the same time the tensioningarrangement being yieldingly mounted will not impose too much tension onthe web, thereby enabling the web to continue its advance through themachine, without danger of premature severing of the web.

The perforating operation is only the first step in severing the bagmaterial into bag lengths, v

and as will be seen is performed with the bag material in the web andwithout interrupting the steady advance of the web. The final step inthe severing operation is performed after the web has been tubed.

The perforating mechanism of this invention is of improved and novelconstruction. The usual perforating mechanism comprises a serrated knifebearing against a smooth faced roller. It is difficult to maintain sucharrangement in good operating condition, owing to dulling of the knife.Our construction eliminates this difficulty. Referring to Fig.5 of thedrawings, it will be seen that the perforating roller I8 is providedwith peripheral circumferentially extending grooves 32. These groovesare in spaced relation along the periphery of the roller, their spacingdepending upon the spacing desired of the perforations in the web. Theupper roller 20 is equipped with a plate or knife 34 extendinglengthwise of the roller. This plate is of course of any desired shape,depending upon the shape of the line of perforations to be made in theweb. The perforated line in the web is shown at 36 in Fig. 4. g

The plate 34 is chisel edged, the working edge being smooth andunserrated, and as the same rolls into contact with the Brooved face ofthe roller I8 it will be apparent that the web lying between the tworollers will be perforated or punctured or cut through at the high spots38 on the roller I8 between the grooves 32.

The advantage of this type of perforating mechanism as compared to theusual type where a plate with a serrated edge rolls into contact with asmooth faced roller is that the unserrated chisel edge of the plate 34of this new arrangement permits the plate to be ground from time to timewithout impairing itsusefulness, whereas with the prior arrangementgrinding soon removes the serrations entirely, necessitating replacementof the plate.

With the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 if it is desired to alter thespacing of the perforations in the web it is obvious that a new rollerI8 with different groove spacing must be substituted for the one shown.To avoid the necessity of changing rollers every time the spacing of theperforations is to be changed, we may provide an arrangement such asillustrated in Fig. 10, for instance. In this construction the rollerill, which corresponds to the roller I3 of Fig. 5 is provided with threesets of grooved peripheral areas 42, the grooves of any one of thesethree sets being spaced differently from the grooves of the other twosets. The grooved areas are separated from each other by cutting awaypart of the surface of the roller, as shown at Mi. Consequently when itis desired to change the spacing of the perforations in the web beingoperated on, it is merely necessary that the roller 40 be shifted on itssupporting shaft to bring the desired set of grooves 32 into operativeposition. It is understood, of course, that with this form of roller thecooperating roller will be the same as the roller 20.

In the modified form of perforating mechanism shown in Fig. 11 theroller 36, corresponding to the roller I8 of Fig. 5, is provided with aset of inserted blocks 48 projecting from the face of the roller, theseblocks being spaced from each other circumferentially of the roller. Theface of each of these blocks is provided with grooves 50 correspondingto the grooves 32 of Fig. 5,

the grooves in any one block being spaced difierc ently from the groovesin any of the other blocks. With this arrangement when it is desired tovary the perforations in a web being operated on it is merely necessaryto rotate the roller 46 on its shaft or in its bearing until the properblock is brought into operative position. Again, as in the case of Fig.10, a plate which we will designate 52 is provided in the face of theupper roller 54, this plate and roller corresponding, respectively, tothe plate 34 and roller 26 of Fig. 5.

After leaving the mechanism so far described the web passes through thetubing mechanism, which may be of usual construction, except for twodriven rollers 56 and 58, beneath which the material passes as it istubed about the former plate 60. These rollers are driven about an axiswhich is oblique to the path of the traveling web, these rollers tendingto draw or work the material about the former plate fill, therebymaterially assisting in tubing the web.

The tubed material is now advanced between feed rollers 62, and a pairof rollers FM and 65 that when the tubing in its passage through themachine reaches the point where the perforations 36 reach a positionbetween the rollers 64, 65 and the next set of rollers 66, 61, alongitudinal tension will be suddenly applied to the tubing to pull thetubing apart along the line of perforations therein, thereby to dividethe tubing into bag lengths. v

The rollers 64 and 66 are so mounted in their bearings that the tubingis not pinched except when the severing operation is to be performed,that is to say,not until the perforations 36 in the travel of the tubinghave reached a point between the rollers 64, 65 and the next set ofrollers 66, 6?.

The arrangement by which the rollers Mr and 66 are brought intocooperative relation with.

'wardly toward their companion rollers by cam II! and moved upwardlyaway from their companion rollers by a spring I2. This bodily movementof the rollers is properly timed, as will be explained hereinafter, sothat the rollers will be moved downwardly toward their companion rollerswhen the perforations in the tubing are in proper position for thecompletion of the severing operation.

After the severing or dividing operation has been completed the baglengths are forwarded by cylinders I l to bottoming mechanism or othermechanism for finishing.

Power for driving our improved machine is taken ofi the main drive shaftI6. This shaft is equipped with gear I8 for driving a train of gears I9,and M which drivesth'e cylinders or rollers 68.

The overspeeded rollers 56 and '61 are driven from gear 82 on the sameshaft as the gear 80, a gear 8 3 meshing with the gear 82 and in meshwith gear 86 on the shaft of the roller 61. This shaft also carries agear 88 which meshes with gear89 on the shaft of upper roller 65.

Meshing with the gear 19 is gear 90 meshing with a gear 92. This gear 92is mounted on shaft 94 carrying a sprocket and sprocket chain 96, theother end of this chain being carried by sprocket 98. On the end of theshaft I00 carrying the sprocket 98 is a gear I02 meshing with gear I04in turn meshing with intermediate gear I06, driving gear I08 on shaft 0.This shaft carries one end of the chain II2 of a Reeves drive. TheReeves drives two gears IM and I It. The gear IIt drives gears II8, I20and I22 to drive the rolls '62.

The gear i20 drives gear I26 in mesh with gear I28 on the shaft of lowerroll 65, the gear I28 meshing with gear I30 to drive the upper roll 64.

The gear 92 above referred to meshes with gear H32 to drive gear I36 onthe shaft I36 of one of the cams E0 the shaft of the other cam Ill beinggeared to this first mentioned shaft by through intermediate gear I itand gears I50 and i 52 drives the other wiping roller 56.

The perforating rollers are driven off the shaft iilfi which carries agear I5 i meshing with gear I55 on the shaft I58 of the roller I8. Thetwo each other circumferentially of the roller, and

rollers are geared together by a pair of gears Hill.

.The modification illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 9 differs fromthe form already described in that a roller on theend of an arm I62 isadapted to engage the perforated tube of bag material at the tensionedarea to assist in dividing the same as the tube is pinched by therollers 64, '65 and 66, 61. The arm is rocked by cam PM on the shaft ofroller 68.

It is to be understood that changes may be.

made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts within thepurview of our .invention.

What we claim is:

1. In a bag making machine, means for effecting continuous forwardmovement of the bag making material, a perforator in the path of the bagmaking material for perforating the same, and means at each side of theperforator supported yieldingly by the bag material to place a slighttension on the same as the bag material is perforated.

2. In a bag making machine, means for efiecting continuous forwardmovement of the bag making material, a perforator in the path of the bagmaking material for perforating the same, and rollers mounted at eachside of the perforator in position to rest by gravity upon the advancingbag material to be supported solely thereby so as to tension the bagmaterial during the perforating operation.

3. In a bag making machine, means for continuously forwarding the bagmaterial, a perforator for perforating the same, a rigid mount fwhich isprovided at its periphery with a sub-.

at each side of the perforator, a frame in each of said mounts freelymovable vertically therein, and a roller carried by each of said framesand extending transversely of the machine to rest by gravity upon theadvancing bag material at each side of the perforator.

4. A perforator for bag making material, comprising in combination apair of rollers, one of stantially non-rectilinear perforating strip,the points of the cutting edge of which are equidistant from the axis ofits roller, the other roller being provided with spaced grooves extending longitudinally of the, roller, the face of the last mentionedroller. intermediate said grooves being provided with peripheral circumferential grooves, the spacing of these last mentioned grooves at anyone area being difierent from the groove spacing of the other areas.

' 5. A perforator for bag making material, comprising in combination apair of rollers, one of which is provided at its periphery with asubstantially non-rectilinear perforating strip, the

points of the cutting edge of which are equi-.

distant from the axis of itsroller, the other roller being provided withgrooved areas spaced from each other circumferentially of the roller,the grooves of any one area being spaced differently from the grooves ofthe other areas.

6. A perforator for bag making. material comprising in combination apair of rollers, one of which is provided at its perlpheryjvith a substantially non rectilinear perforating strip, the points of the cuttingedge of which are equidistant from the axis of its roller; the otherroller being provided with grooved insets in the face of the roller,said insets being space from the'grooves of vany one inset being spaceddifferently from the grooves of the other insets.

7. In a bag making machine wherein the bag material is advanced past,perforating mechanism whereby the material is perforated at bag lengthintervals, means for tearing the web into bag lengths at theperforations, comprising two pairs of rollers in the path of theperforated material, means whereby one pair is overspeeded with respectto the other, and means for effecting bodily movement of one roller ofeach pair when vthe perforated bag material is intermediate the twopairs of rollers, to grip the material whereby longitudinal tension willbe applied to the material to divide the same at the perforated area.

8. In a bag making machine wherein the bag material is advanced pastperforating mechanism whereby the material is perforated at bag lengthintervals, means for tearing the web into bag lengths at theperforations, comprising two pairs of rollers in the path of theperforated material, means whereby one pair is overspeeded with respectto the other, and a driven cam for effecting predetermined bodilymovement of one roller of each pair when the perforated bag material isintermediate the two pairs of rollers, to grip the material wherebylongitudinal tension will be applied to the material to divide the sameat the perforated area.

9. In a bag making machine wherein the bag material is advanced pastperforating mechanism whereby the material is perforated at bag lengthintervals, means for tearing the web into bag lengths at theperforations, comprising two pairs of rollers in the path of theperforated material, means whereby one pair is overspeeded the same timeto strike the tensioned area a sharp blow thereby to divide the materialinto bag lengths at the perforations.

10. In a bag making machine wherein the bag material is advanced pastperforating mechanism whereby the material is perforated at bag lengthintervals, means for tearing the web into bag lengths at theperforations, comprising two pairs of rollers in the path of theperforated material, means whereby one pair is overspeeded with respectto the other thereby to impose a sudden longitudinal tension on theperforated area of the bag material, and a cam controlled arm operatingin timed relation to the tensioning means to strike the tensioned area asharp blow thereby to divide the material into bag lengths at theperforations.

' 11. A perforator for bag material, comprising in combination a pair ofdriven rollers, one of which is provided at its periphery with asubstantially non-rectilinear perforating strip, the

" points of the cuttingedge of which are equidistant from the axis ofits roller, the other of 1 said rollers being provided withcircumferential peripheral grooves whereby the said perforat-

